As we all know, there is 97.5% of saltwater on the Earth and only 2.5% of the water that is useable for drinking or other purposes. On one side of the coin, millions of people still have to starve for water in their daily lives and have to walk miles to get fresh water for their survival while on the other side the consumption of water & its wastage is increasing day by day, it’s very tough to think that 2.5% of freshwater is enough for survival & is enough for everyone on the Earth. 2.5% of water is not enough for everyone.
In the early 1960s, an Engineer from Isreal “Alexander Zarchin” invented a method of extracting the salt from the saltwater to make it drinkable. He got his inspiration from an Arctic explorer who shared his experience of how he managed to take out drinking water from melted ice. In the early 1960s, Alexander Zarchin made a groundbreaking effort by inventing the thermal desalination process.
As we all know, once California had faced a major drought there, other countries indulged with their daily schedule like watering plants, taking long showers, having pool parties, and other such kinds of stuff. The invention of desalination plays a major role here.
Desalination is a process to extract salt from the seawater to make it drinkable & for the use of other purposes. Desalination includes treating brackish water or seawater to turn into freshwater.
Previously the process of desalination used to consume a huge amount of energy. Still, we made a better way out of it, making the desalination process less energy-consuming and more efficient. We developed a Lovatt membrane desalination process which majorly focused on the mechanism to deliver the lowest cost and efficient way to extract salt from saltwater.
How Does the Process of Desalination Work?
Seawater desalination removes salt and other impurities from the seawater(raw water). The Lovatt reverse osmosis process ensures that none of the harmful chemicals is in water after the treatment.
Seawater is directly pumped into the desalination plant from the Sea and passes through the treatment process, which removes all the large and small particles from the seawater.
Seawater Admission Process
The saltwater gets directly pumped into the Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant for further purification in the seawater admission process. The admission process differs with hydrology quality of water, geology circumstances, meteorological surveys, and natural disaster.
Pre-treatment of Saltwater
The seawater includes many other substances, including solids, bacteria, oils, and other dissolved organic matters that are vulnerable to contaminating the reverse osmosis process. The pre-treatment of the saltwater process plays the protagonist role in desalination. The multilayered machinery helps extract the substances from the water to process it to the next step and ensures that no fouls are left behind. To prevent any substance in raw water from entering into reverse osmosis (RO) and pump, the machine is designed with the two security filter processes of pre-treatment. The filter and activated carbon substance accompanied with quartz sand and cocoanut objects remove the solids, oils & other organic matters.
RO System
The third step comes up with the reverse osmosis(RO) system, in which the RO system removes the semi-permeable membrane from the feed water, generating desalinated drinkable and freshwater. The semi-permeable membrane split the water and the salt. With the osmotic pressure system, the water permeates for the salt solution. In case if certain any of the constraints will take place to the extracted salt solution, then there are chances that water would permeate in the opposite direction.
Energy Reestablishment Process
The main focus of this process is to recover & reduce the energy consumption, and it comes up with the recycling and reusing the energy of the pressure energy from the high-pressure RO system. The energy recovery device is the pillar for saving energy in turning seawater into freshwater. PX Pressure Exchanger device is the base that Reduces Energy Desalination & is the most convenient solution till now for minimizing the energy consumption in the process of desalination & helps reduce the power consumption by up to 60%.
Chemical Dosing System
The dosing of chemicals is the most important part of the water retreatment, which includes the coagulant and bactericide dosing device in the pre-treatment, anti- sealant, and reductant dosing before the first level of RO and the pH alteration before the second RO process. Each dosing device consists of a chemical tank, dosing pipes, and dosing pumps. Each device is designed perfectly for easy operation, with no faults and low energy consumption.
Product Water Storage
Once desalination occurs, the freshwater moves to the water tanks from where it proceeds to the destination. All the processes take place very carefully so that none of the bacteria or any harmful are left with the freshwater. The desalination of brackish water and seawater has proved that the source of freshwater is not limited to 2.5%. Only the process of desalination can be the solution to the water crisis.
Aquatech is a water treatment facility dedicated to providing the most valuable solutions.